职业健康与安全

职业健康与安全：劳工实践子主题，涵盖社会责任、利益相关方影响及ISO 26000标准（社会责任指南）的遵循。免费ESG资源。

部分：社会主题： ESG, Occupational, Health, Safety, social, Labour Practices, social responsibility, stakeholder theory, human rights, sustainability

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职业健康与安全

职业健康与安全（Occupational Health and Safety, OHS）涵盖保护工人免受与工作相关的伤害、疾病和死亡，并促进其在工作场所身心健康的政策、体系和实践。

国际劳工组织（ILO）估计，每年约有293万工人死于与工作相关的事故和疾病，另有3.95亿人遭受非致命性职业伤害。ISO 45001（职业健康与安全管理体系）为OHS管理提供了国际标准，取代了OHSAS 18001。国际劳工组织的《促进职业安全与健康框架公约》（C187）确立了持续改进职业健康与安全的义务。

管理体系

根据ISO 45001的定义，一个有效的OHS管理体系应包括：领导承诺与员工参与、危险源辨识与风险评估、运行控制与应急准备、绩效监测与测量、事件调查与纠正措施，以及管理评审与持续改进。该体系应覆盖所有工人，包括雇员、承包商和临时工。

报告要求

GRI 403（职业健康与安全）是最详细的GRI标准之一，要求披露OHS管理体系、危险源辨识与风险评估、职业健康服务、员工参与、员工培训、促进员工健康、预防和减轻OHS影响，以及与工作相关的伤害和疾病（包括死亡率、损失工时伤害频率和职业病率）。ESRS S1要求全面的OHS披露，包括健康与安全管理体系及结果。

心理健康

工作场所心理健康作为一个OHS问题已获得越来越多的认可。世界卫生组织（WHO）估计，抑郁和焦虑每年导致全球经济因生产力损失而耗费1万亿美元。ISO 45003为管理工作场所心理社会风险提供了指导。负责任的做法包括：解决工作量和工作设计问题、防止骚扰和欺凌、提供心理健康支持服务，以及营造支持心理安全的文化。

延伸阅读

ISO 45001 — OHS管理体系标准
ILO SafeWork — 全球OHS计划

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